Birds of Tanzania: a working checklist – May 2000

During 1993 the ornithological sub-committee of the East African Natural History Society embarked on a revision of the Birds of East Africa (Britton 1980). As an initial step a revised checklist was required for the East African avifauna. BirdLife International had adopted the latest world list of birds (Sibley and Monroe 1990) for it’s Important Bird Areas programme.
However, many of the changes proposed by Sibley and Monroe were rather controversial and lacked original references. The ornithological sub-committee of the East African Natural History Society adopted some of the proposals available for the non-passerines while rejecting others (Turner et al. 1991). This paper is essential reading for anyone interested in a fuller
understanding of the changes being proposed within the non-passerines and is a valuable source of reference. Some of the problems were addressed in Sibley and Monroe (1993) but others still remain contentious. The Tanzanian Bird Atlas used the Birds of East Africa as its base reference but required a more up to date checklist that included most of the proposed “new”
species and the many additions to the avifauna of Tanzania, both published and unpublished, that had been documented since 1979. The following list grew from these requirements. It is not offered as the definitive list of the birds of Tanzania but will provide guidance, especially to those without access to recent literature and those who have been confused by the many changes in bird names.

For the most part Britton (1980) followed White (1960 through to 1963) which at the time was the latest complete Afrotropical bird list, replacing Sclater (1926 & 1930). C.M.N. White was a taxonomic lumper in that he placed many previously accepted full species as sub-species. Among Tanzanian birds this resulted in the Uhehe Fiscal (endemic to Tanzania) becoming a race of the widespread Common Fiscal Lanius collaris marwitzi. While accepting that our personal knowledge of the Uhehe Fiscal is rather limited we have a number of observations from within a few km of known Common Fiscal and suspect differences in voice that are, as yet, undocumented. The plumage differences appear consistent and we feel that including this bird as a full species in our list will encourage others to study it in the field and thus increase our knowledge of its habitat requirements and biology. A more contentious split by Sibley and Monroe (1990) is Anchieta’s Tchagra Tchagra anchietae from Marsh Tchagra Tchagra minuta. Both Sclater (1930) and Mackworth-Praed and Grant (1955) treat anchietae as a race of minuta although the latter work indicates a different call and differences in the juvenile plumage. Although Sibley and Monroe (1990) do not offer any original reference for this proposed split both “species” are separable in the field and for now we recognise the authority assumed by Sibley and Monroe.

Although we have accepted many of the species splits proposed by Sibley and Monroe (1990) we have chosen to follow the more traditional (and, at least for now, much more user friendly) family and species sequence of Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993). A further advantage of this sequence is that related species are placed adjacent to each other in the list rather than
alphabetically within genera as in Britton (1980). We have also followed recognised authorities for particular genera, in particular, R.B. Payne (Vidua) and J.D. Summers-Smith (Passer)

There have been several influences on the English names of African birds. In East Africa the strongest influences for many years were Mackworth-Praed and Grant (1953, 1955) and Williams (1963), the latter being the only field guide available until well into the 1980’s. In West Africa, the names proposed by Mackworth-Praed and Grant (1970, 1973) were largely ignored in
favour of Bannerman (1930 through to 1951) which was already well established. For instance in East Africa we use the name Akalat for a group of forest dwelling robins in the genus Sheppardia. Bannerman uses the name Akalat for a group of forest dwelling near-babblers in the genus Trichastoma for which East Africa uses the name Illadopsis. In South Africa the names
proposed by Roberts (1924) and others took precedence over the much later publication of Mackworth-Praed and Grant (1962 & 1963). The strong ornithological base in South Africa compared to the somewhat transient nature of the colonial presence in other Commonwealth countries has led to South African names gaining dominance as far north as Zambia. Thus, a
most welcome attempt by the ornithological establishment in England to provide a common set of English bird names for the Afrotropics (Mackworth-Praed and Grant 1953 through to 1973) was rejected. A second attempt is being made through the publication of the Birds of Africa (Brown et al. 1980 through to Urban et al. 1997) but this too does not look likely to succeed in uniting the various interests throughout the continent. A private attempt at producing a standard English nomenclature (Dowsett and Forbes-Watson 1993) has also met with considerable resistance. For many visiting species from northern temperate zones there are long established English names but even these have been faced with radical reviews in recent years (BOURC 1988). The rigours and whims of international nomenclature have shaped the usage of scientific names and will continue to do so, even if a common set of English names were adopted.

The Four-coloured Bush Shrike Malaconotus quadricolor serves as an interesting example of how complex the situation can be.
Laniarius viridis was named by Vieillot (1817) from Malimbe (in present day Angola).
Laniarius quadricolor was named by Cassin (1851) from Port Natal (the present day Durban in South Africa).
Laniarius quadricolor nigricauda was named by Clarke (1913) from Takaungu (in present day Kenya)
Chlorophoneus quadricolor intercedens was named by Reichenow (1915) from Usegua (in present day Tanzanian)

These early scientific publications did not give an English name for the birds described.

Woodward and Woodward (1899) discussed the Natal Bush Shrike Laniarius quadricolor in their early work on southern African birds. Gunning and Haagner (1910) used Chlorophoneus quadricolor for the Four-coloured Bush Shrike in their Check-List of the Birds of South Africa. By the early 1920s Austin Roberts (Roberts 1924) had changed the English name to
Gorgeous Bush-shrike (note the added hyphen) for Calophoneus quadricolor (note the new generic name, already the third in use). Priest (1929) retained Four-coloured Bush Shrike (no hyphen) and Chlorophoneus quadricolor for his work on the birds of Southern Rhodesia (present day Zimbabwe). Sclater (1930) recognised the genera Chlorophoneus (Cabanis 1850) and
Malaconotus (Swainson 1827) but not Calophoneus. However, he used Telophorus (Swainson 1831) for both viridis and quadricolor and used a hyphen for the Usegua Four-coloured Bush-shrike Telophonus quadricolor intercedens (Reichenow). Roberts (1940) also changed to Telophorus but retained Gorgeous for the English name. Thus, the earliest of the field guides,
firmly established this English name in South Africa. However, Priest (1948) still preferred Four-coloured Bush Shrike for T.q. quadricolor in his work on the eggs of southern African birds.

Mackworth-Praed and Grant (1955) retained the genera Telophorus and Chlorophoneus sinking T.q. intercedens into T.q. nigricauda, the Four-coloured Bush-shrike (hyphen still in use). Smithers et al. (1957) placed Quadricolor Bush-shrike in Malaconotus viridis for their checklist of birds from Southern Rhodesia. Benson and White (1957) also used Malaconotus for the genus but preferred the more conventional Four-coloured Bush Shrike (no hyphen). White (1962), a taxonomic lumper, placed M.v. nigricauda as the north-eastern race of Malaconotus viridis, retaining M.v. quadricolor for birds from eastern South Africa. White, rather sensibly, avoided English names. Mackworth-Praed and Grant (1963) used Perrin’s Bush-shrike for Telophorus viridis and Four-coloured Bush-shrike for T. quadricolor. Clancey (1967) retained Malaconotus q. quadricolor and M.q. quartus for both populations of Gorgeous Bush Shrike (no hyphen) in South Africa. However, he (Clancey 1971) preferred to use Telophorus for the same populations in southern Mocambique. Hall and Moreau (1970) clearly showed that
populations of M. viridis in western Zambia were isolated from M. quadricolor in eastern Zimbabwe. Meanwhile Benson and Benson (1970) used Gorgeous Bush Shrike (no hyphen) for Malaconotus viridis quartus in Malawi. Benson et al. (1971) also preferred Gorgeous Bush Shrike for M.v. viridis in western Zambia while Mackworth-Praed and Grant (1973) kept faith
with Perrin’s Bush-shrike and T. viridis for the same populations. Britton et al. (1980) followed Hall and Moreau for East African birds and Irwin (1981) followed the South African preference of Gorgeous Bush Shrike (no hyphen) but used T. quadricolor for the scientific name of the population in eastern Zimbabwe. Harris (1988) provides a most readable account of the southern African shrikes and revives Chlorophoneus quadricolor while retaining what has become the standard English name in southern Africa, Gorgeous Bush Shrike (no hyphen and three separate words).

Sibley and Monroe (1990) place quadricolor within the super-species proposed by Hall and Moreau (1970) with viridis and doherty but revert to Telophorus for the generic name. For the English name Sibley and Monroe (1990) use Four-colored Bushshrike (no hyphen, a single word and the American spelling of coloured) for all populations. This single word spelling of
“Bushshrike” is now standard in southern African field guides. Short et al. (1990) follow Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1980) and use Gorgeous Bush-shrike and Malaconotus viridis for all populations. Zimmerman et al. (1996) use Four-coloured Bush-Shrike Malaconotus quadricolor for their work on the birds of Kenya and northern Tanzania. Birds of Africa Vol. 6 will treat quadricolor as a race of viridis and use Gorgeous Bush-shrike as the “English name (Fry, pers. comm.). BirdLife International follow Sibley and Monroe (1990) and use Telophorus quadricolor but prefer the ‘English’’ spelling of Four-coloured Bush-shrike (using that hyphen) rather than the American ‘colored’.

After more than a century there is still little agreement between the “English” speaking world and the “American” and “South African” ones on spelling and correct usage of hyphens while the scientific community floats between the use of three available genera, Telophorus, Malaconotus and Chlorophoneus and the placement of quadricolor as a full species or as a race of
viridis. The best that a birdwatcher can hope for is to keep an open mind and to have more than a single reference available. While retaining the accepted East African name of Four-coloured Bush Shrike (no hyphen) we must agree that it really is a gorgeous bird and wish it were as visible as it is vocal. It calls most days in the forest edge behind our house on Kilimanjaro but
we rarely have an opportunity to fully appreciate its beauty unless one wanders into our mist nets.

Our own preferences are that ‘lumping’ diverts interest and therefore research and conservation concerns away from potential full species. When in doubt we prefer to follow those that ‘split’ rather than those that ‘lump’. We also believe that fewer, rather than more, genera is the sensible approach to what is after all a convenience for human usage. That shorter, rather than longer, names are preferred (especially by today’s databases!) and that ‘English’ English is used rather than ‘American’ or even ‘South African’ English. We are of course as biased as everyone else. That hyphens should be avoided whenever possible and that their usage follows ‘English’ English grammar when they are used while accepting that there will always be exceptions. Above all, that English names should be memorable and changes should be avoided whenever possible. Although we have come across confusion in an UK Ministry of Agriculture database between an African Orange-bellied Parrot and an Australian Orange-bellied Parrot (a rare and endangered species) such cases are rare and that is why scientific names are used. We believe there is little justification to adding “African” to all such names. However, we, along with many of our friends and colleagues, would be delighted if the “relevant authorities” would publish a list of African birds that had been agreed upon by as many interested parties as possible. Even if this means imposing such names on the rest of us.

With molecular studies continuing apace there are proposals to split more of the isolated montane bird populations. There are already strong proposals to begin a thorough review of several genera within the warblers and there are even Dutch proposals to separate all the races of Yellow Wagtail, of which not even all the adult males are separable in the field. Despite our
reservations as to were this is leading us it is likely that we shall adopt most of these proposals in future additions of this working checklist.

Until then it will be the role of conventional fieldwork to push the Tanzanian list above 1100 species.

Neil and Liz Baker
Tanzania Bird Atlas
P.O. Box 9601
Moshi
<kifufu@eoltz.com>

In this checklist the following conventions are used.

'A' represents an addition to the Tanzanian list since Britton (ed.) 1980
'n' represents a name change (English or scientific) from Britton (ed.) 1980, some name changes are contentious
's' represents a form not recognised as specifically distinct by Britton (ed.) 1980, some splits are contentious
‘E’ after the scientific name denotes species endemic to Tanzania.
Brit. - numbers from Birds of East Africa. Britton (ed.) 1980
Mpg - numbers from Handbook of the Birds of Africa Series 1(Eastern), 2(Southern), 3(West Africa). Mackworth-Praed & Grant 1952 -1973.
Bold type denotes the more contentious records, (some of which may not be accepted by the rarities committee of the East African Natural History Society) and contentious 'splits', some of these will probably be 'lumped' in the future.

OSC in remarks column refers to the Ornithological Sub-Committee of the East African Natural History Society.
SM refers to Sibley and Monroe (1990, but also check 1993).
DDL refers to Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993).
TPZ refers to Turner, Pearson and Zimmerman (1991).
ZTP refers to Zimmerman, Turner and Pearson (1996).

TZ #        English name Scientific name      Brit.   Mpg       Remarks / References

STRUTHIONIDAE - OSTRICHES
1 Ostrich Struthio camelus 1 1

DIOMEDEIDAE - ALBATROSSES
2 A Shy Albatross Diomedea cauta none S.3 Baker and Fison 1989.

PROCELLARIIDAE - PETRELS and SHEARWATERS
3 A Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus none 15 Britton 1982. most unlikely to be halli.
4 A Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri 7 9 Zanzibar Channel 1994. Stan Davies.


PODICIPEDIDAE - GREBES
5 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis 4 4
6 Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus 2 2
7 Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis 3 3

PHAETHONTIDAE - TROPICBIRDS
8 White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus 9 18

SULIDAE - GANNETS and BOOBIES
9 n Cape Gannet Morus capensis 13 24 Genus was Sula. TPZ 1991.
10 Masked Booby Sula dactylatra 14 22
11 A Red-footed Booby Sula sula 16 20 Latham Island November ‘93 Matt Richmond

PHALACROCORACIDAE - CORMORANTS
12 s White-breasted Cormorant Phalacrocorax lucidus 18 25 split from carbo. BUT !
13 Long-tailed Cormorant Phalacrocorax africanus 17 27 others use Reed Cormorant

ANHINGIDAE - DARTERS
14 n African Darter Anhinga rufa 19 28 African added by most authors

PELECANIDAE - PELICANS
15 n Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus 11 31 Great added. OSC 1993.
16 Pink-backed Pelican Pelecanus rufescens 12 32

FREGATIDAE - FRIGATEBIRDS
17 Greater Frigatebird Fregata minor 21 29
18 Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel 20 30

ARDEIDAE - BITTERNS, EGRETS and HERONS
19 n Great Bittern Botaurus stellaris 22 52 Great added. OSC 1993.
20 Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus 23 50
21 Dwarf Bittern Ixobrychus sturmii 24 51
22 Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax 40 48 OSC prefer to add Black-crowned.
23 White-backed Night Heron Gorsachius leuconotus 39 49
24 Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides 30 43
25 Madagascar Squacco Heron Ardeola idae 29 44
26 Rufous-bellied Heron Ardeola rufiventris 31 47
27 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis 32 42
28 Green-backed Heron Butorides striatus 33 45
29 Black Heron Egretta ardesiaca 35 39
30 s Dimorphic Egret Egretta dimorpha 36 40 split from garzetta. SM 1990.
31 Little Egret Egretta garzetta 36 40
32 Great White Egret Egretta alba 34 37
33 Yellow-billed Egret Egretta intermedia 38 38 OSC 93 use Mesophoyx. DDL retain Egretta
34 Purple Heron Ardea purpurea 28 36
35 Grey Heron Ardea cinerea 25 33
36 Black-headed Heron Ardea melanocephala 27 34
37 Goliath Heron Ardea goliath 26 35

SCOPIDAE - HAMERKOP
38 Hamerkop Scopus umbretta 42 53

CICONIIDAE - STORKS
39 Yellow-billed Stork Mycteria ibis 50 62
40 Open-billed Stork Anastomus lamelligerus 43 59
41 Black Stork Ciconia nigra 47 56
42 Abdim's Stork Ciconia abdimii 44 58
43 Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus 46 57
44 White Stork Ciconia ciconia 45 55
45 Saddle-billed Stork Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis 48 60
46 n Marabou Stork Leptoptilos crumenifer 49 61 Stork added. OSC 1993.

BALAENICIPITIDAE - SHOEBILL
47 Shoebill Balaeniceps rex 41 54

THRESKIORNITHIDAE - IBIS and SPOONBILLS
48 Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopica 54 63
49 Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus 53 68
50 n Hadada Ibis Bostrychia hagedash 51 65 Ibis added. OSC 1993.
51 Green Ibis Bostrychia olivacea 52 66 SM use Olive. OSC prefer African Green.
52 African Spoonbill Platalea alba 55 70

PHOENICOPTERIDAE - FLAMINGOS
53 Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber 58 71
54 Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor 57 72


ANATIDAE - DUCKS and GEESE
55 Fulvous Whistling Duck Dendrocygna bicolor 59 95
56 White-faced Whistling Duck Dendrocygna viduata 60 94
57 White-backed Duck Thalassornis leuconotos 82 74
58 Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegyptiacus 61 99
59 Spur-winged Goose Plectropterus gambensis 79 100
60 Knob-billed Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos 80 98
61 Pygmy Goose Nettapus auritus 77 97
62 Black Duck Anas sparsa 70 84 OSC add African.
63 Yellow-billed Duck Anas undulata 72 83
64 Wigeon Anas penelope 68 86 OSC 1993 add Eurasian
65 n Cape Teal Anas capensis 63 89 was Cape Wigeon. OSC 1993.
66 n Green-winged Teal Anas crecca 65 87 Common preferred by OSC 1993.
67 Pintail Anas acuta 62 92 OSC prefer to add Northern
68 Red-billed Teal Anas erythrorhynchos 66 91
69 Hottentot Teal Anas hottentota 67 90
70 Garganey Anas querquedula 69 88
71 A Cape Shoveler Anas smithii none S 100 Hai Pools Oct.97 Baker & Baker .
72 n Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata 64 80 Northern added OSC 1993.
73 Southern Pochard Netta erythrophthalma 76 77
74 n Northern Pochard Aythya ferina 73 76 Northern added, OSC prefer Common.
75 Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula 74 78
76 Maccoa Duck Oxyura maccoa 78 73

ACCIPITRIDAE - VULTURES, EAGLES, KITES, HAWKS etc
77 Cuckoo Hawk Aviceda cuculoides 139 130 OSC prefer Cuckoo-hawk.
78 Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus 140 135 OSC prefer to add Eurasian.
79 Bat Hawk Macheiramphus alcinus 143 134
80 Black-shouldered Kite Elanus caeruleus 142 133
81 Black Kite Milvus migrans 138 132
82 s Yellow-billed Kite Milvus parasiticus 138 132 African birds split from Eurasian migrants
83 Fish Eagle Haliaeetus vocifer 137 160 OSC add African.
84 n Palmnut Vulture Gypohierax angolensis 84 161 hyphen removed.
85 n Lammergeier Gypaetus barbatus 91 162 was Lammergeyer OSC 1993.
86 Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus 88 110
87 n Hooded Vulture Necrosyrtes monachus 87 111 Genus was Neophron TPZ 1991.
88 White-backed Vulture Gyps africanus 85 107
89 n Rüppell's Vulture Gyps rueppellii 86 106 we drop “Griffon” from name
90 Lappet-faced Vulture Torgos tracheliotus 89 108
91 White-headed Vulture Trigonoceps occipitali 90 109
92 s Black-chested Snake Eagle Circaetus pectoralis 100 152 split from gallicus. Clark 1999.
93 Brown Snake Eagle Circaetus cinereus 98 153
94 Southern Banded Snake Eagle Circaetus fasciolatus 99 156
95 n Western Banded Snake Eagle Circaetus cinerascens 97 157 Western added to name
96 Bateleur Terathopius ecaudatus 101 159
97 n Gymnogene Polyboroides typus 96 185 was radiatus TPZ ’91 / many prefer "Harrier Hawk".
98 Eurasian Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus 92 184
99 African Marsh Harrier Circus ranivorus 95 184
100 Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus 93 183
101 Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus 94 182
102 Dark Chanting Goshawk Melierax metabates 132 180
103 Pale Chanting Goshawk Melierax poliopterus 133 179 OSC 1993 add Eastern to name.
104 n Gabar Goshawk Micronisus gabar 131 178 was Melierax, Smeenk and Smeenk-Enserink 1975.
105 Great Sparrowhawk Accipiter melanoleucus 106 174
106 n Ovambo Sparrowhawk Accipiter ovampensis 109 172 was Ovampo, the "p" to a "b”.
107 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 108 169
108 Rufous Sparrowhawk Accipiter rufiventris 110 173 OSC change to Red-breasted.
109 Little Sparrowhawk Accipiter minullus 107 170
110 African Goshawk Accipiter tachiro 111 177
111 Shikra Accipiter badius 102 176
112 Levant Sparrowhawk Accipiter brevipes 103 175
113 Grasshopper Buzzard Butastur rufipennis 119 158
114 Lizard Buzzard Kaupifalco monogrammicus 129 150 note MPG "Lizzard".
115 Steppe Buzzard Buteo buteo 122 163
116 n Mountain Buzzard Buteo oreophilus 124 165 was B. tachardus James and Wattel 1983.
117 Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus 123 166
118 Augur Buzzard Buteo augur 120 167
119 Wahlberg's Eagle Aquila wahlbergi 118 142
120 A Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga 112 140 Bernd Meyburg 11 December 1996.
121 Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila pomarina 115 141
122 Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax 116 139
123 Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis 114 138
124 Imperial Eagle Aquila helica 113 137
125 n Verreaux's Eagle Aquila verreauxii 117 36 note the extra i.
126 African Hawk Eagle Hieraaetus spilogaster 128 143 OSC prefer Hawk-Eagle.
127 Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus 127 145
128 n Ayres' Hawk Eagle Hieraaetus ayresii 126 144 was H. dubius Brooke and Vernon 1981.
129 Long-crested Eagle Lophaetus occipitalis 130 149
130 Crowned Eagle Stephanoaetus coronatus 135 146
131 Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus 134 147
132 Osprey Pandion haliaetus 144 186

SAGITTARIIDAE - SECRETARYBIRD
133 Secretary Bird Sagittarius serpentarius 83 103 should this be Secretarybird ?

FALCONIDAE - FALCONS
134 Pygmy Falcon Polihierax semitorquatus 163 129 note MPG use "Pig" and "Pyg"
135 Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni 156 126
136 n Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus 161 123 Common added OSC 1993.
137 White-eyed Kestrel Falco rupicoloides 159 124
138 Grey Kestrel Falco ardosiaceus 147 127
139 Dickinson's Kestrel Falco dickinsoni 153 128
140 Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus 162 119 OSC prefer to add Western.
141 n Amur Falcon Falco amurensis 146 120 was Eastern Red-foot. OSC 1993.
142 Red-necked Falcon Falco chicquera 150 122
143 n Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo 160 115 Eurasian added OSC 1993.
144 African Hobby Falco cuvierii 152 116
145 Eleonora's Falcon Falco eleonorae 154 117
146 Sooty Falcon Falco concolor 151 118
147 Lanner Falcon Falco biarmicus 148 113
148 Saker Falcon Falco cherrug 149 121
149 Taita Falcon Falco fasciinucha 155 114 note "Tei" is the old spelling
150 A Barbary Falcon Falco pelegrinoides 157 112 Mombo, Jan. 1995 N. Baker
151 Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus 158 112

PHASIANIDAE - FRANCOLINS and QUAILS
152 Coqui Francolin Francolinus coqui 170 191
153 A Forest Francolin Francolinus lathami 174 189 Minziro Forest July 1987 Baker and Baker
154 Crested Francolin Francolinus sephaena 182 195
155 Ring-necked Francolin Francolinus streptophorus 185 193
156 Shelley's Francolin Francolinus shelleyi 183 198
157 Red-winged Francolin Francolinus levaillant 176 199
158 Hildebrandt's Francolin Francolinus hildebrandti 171 203
159 Scaly Francolin Francolinus squamatus 184 204
160 Red-necked Spurfowl Francolinus afer 167 208
161 Grey-breasted Spurfowl Francolinus rufopictus E 181 209
162 Yellow-necked Spurfowl Francolinus leucoscepus 175 210
163 A Udzungwa Forest Partridge Xenoperdix udzungwensis E none none new species Dinesen, et al. 1994.
164 n Common Quail Coturnix coturnix 165 211 Common added OSC 1993.
165 Harlequin Quail Coturnix delegorguei 166 212
166 s Blue Quail Coturnix adansonii 164 213 split from chinensis DPZ 1991.

NUMIDIDAE - GUINEAFOWLS
167 Crested Guineafowl Guttera pucherani 188 217 edouardi lumped Crowe 1978.
168 Vulturine Guineafowl Acryllium vulturinum 187 219
169 Helmeted Guineafowl Numida meleagris 190 216

TURNICIDAE - BUTTONQUAILS
170 A Quail-plover Ortyxelos meiffreni 191 367 Tarangire NP. Glen 1994.
171 n Common Buttonquail Turnix sylvatica 193 365 Common added. OSC 1993.
172 n Black-rumped Buttonquail Turnix hottentota 192 366 was Button Quail. OSC 1993.

RALLIDAE - RAILS and CRAKES
173 n White-spotted Flufftail Sarothrura pulchra 213 235 Flufftails were Pygmy Crakes OSC '93
174 n Buff-spotted Flufftail Sarothrura elegans 211 236
175 n Red-chested Flufftail Sarothrura rufa 214 233
176 n Long-toed Flufftail Sarothrura lugens 212 234 OSC 1993 prefer Chestnut-headed.
177 A Streaky-breasted Flufftail Sarothrura boehmi 210 231 Baker, et al. 1984.
178 n Striped Flufftail Sarothrura affinis 209 230 was Chestnut-tailed. OSC 1993.
179 African Water Rail Rallus caerulescens 208 222
180 Corncrake Crex crex 196 223
181 African Crake Crex egregia 197 224
182 n Black Crake Amaurornis flavirostra 201 225 Genus was Limnocorax. Olsen 1973.
183 n Baillon's Crake Porzana pusilla 207 228 was Lesser Spotted. OSC 1993.
184 Spotted Crake Porzana porzana 206 227
185 n Striped Crake Aenigmatolimnas marginalis 204 226 Genus was Porzana. Olsen 1973.
186 Purple Gallinule Porphyrio porphyrio 203 237 OSC prefer Swamphen.
187 Allen's Gallinule Porphyrio alleni 202 238
188 Lesser Moorhen Gallinula angulata 198 240
189 Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus 199 239
190 Red-knobbed Coot Fulica cristata 215 242

GRUIDAE - CRANES
191 n Wattled Crane Bugeranus carunculatus 195 247 Genus was Grus Walkinshaw 1973.
192 s Grey Crowned Crane Balearica regulorum 194 245 Split from pavonina Walkinshaw 1973.

HELIORNITHIDAE - FINFOOTS
193 African Finfoot Podica senegalensis 216 243

OTIDIDAE - BUSTARDS
194 Denham's Bustard Neotis denhami 221 251
195 n Kori Bustard Ardeotis kori 224 250 Genus was Otis. Urban et al 1986
196 Buff-crested Bustard Eupodotis ruficrista 219 257 OSC 1993 drop the "Buff"
197 White-bellied Bustard Eupodotis senegalensis 220 256 not 'cafra' DDL 1993.
198 Black-bellied Bustard Eupodotis melanogaster 218 258
199 Hartlaub's Bustard Eupodotis hartlaubii 217 259

JACANIDAE - JACANAS
200 Jacana Actophilornis africanus 225 264 OSC prefer to add African.
201 Lesser Jacana Microparra capensis 226 265

ROSTRATULIDAE - PAINTED SNIPES
202 Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensi 227 297 OSC prefer to add Greater.

HAEMATOPODIDAE - OYSTERCATCHERS
203 Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus 228 294 OSC prefer to add Eurasian.

RECURVIROSTRIDAE - STILTS and AVOCETS
204 Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus 282 296 OSC prefer Common Stilt.
205 Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta 283 295 OSC add Pied.

DROMADIDAE - CRAB PLOVER
206 Crab Plover Dromas ardeola 286 335 hyphen added by OSC 1993.

BURHINIDAE - STONE CURLEWS
207 n Eurasian Stone Curlew Burhinus oedicnemus 288 260 OSC prefer Eurasian Thick-knee.
208 n Water Dikkop Burhinus vermiculatus 290 263 the Southern African name, OSC prefer Thick-knee.
209 n Spotted Dikkop Burhinus capensis 287 262 OSC prefer Thick-knee.

GLAREOLIDAE - COURSERS and PRATINCOLES
210 Two-banded Courser Rhinoptilus africanus 294 327
211 Heuglin's Courser Rhinoptilus cinctus 296 328
212 Violet-tipped Courser Rhinoptilus chalcopter 295 329
213 Temminck's Courser Cursorius temminckii 292 326
214 n Collared Pranticole Glareola pratincola 300 330 was Common OSC 1993.
215 A Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni 297 331 Harvey and Howell 1987.
216 Madagascar Pratincole Glareola ocularis 299 332
217 n Rock Pratincole Glareola nuchalis 298 333 was White-collared OSC 1993.

CHARADRIIDAE - PLOVERS
218 Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius 231 267
219 Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula 233 266
220 n Kittlitz's Plover Charadrius pecuarius 238 271 was Sandplover OSC 1993.
221 Three-banded Plover Charadrius tricollaris 239 272
222 Forbes' Plover Charadrius forbesi 232 273
223 n White-fronted Plover Charadrius marginatus 235 268 was Sandplover OSC 1993.
224 n Chestnut-banded Plover Charadrius pallidus 237 270 was Sandplover OSC 1993.
225 n Lesser Sandplover Charadrius mongolus 236 274 was Mongolian OSC 1993.
226 n Greater Sandplover Charadrius leschenault 234 275 was Great OSC 1993.
227 Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus 230 277
228 n Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva 240 278 split from dominica Conners 1983.
229 Grey Plover Pluvialis squatorola 241 279
230 Wattled Plover Vanellus senegallus 248 291 OSC change all Vanellus to Lapwings.
231 White-crowned Plover Vanellus albiceps 242 290
232 Black-headed Plover Vanellus tectus 251 292
233 Blacksmith Plover Vanellus armatus 243 287
234 Spur-winged Plover Vanellus spinosus 249 286
235 n Brown-chested Plover Vanellus superciliosus 250 288 we delete "wattled"
236 Senegal Plover Vanellus lugubris 246 282
237 Black-winged Plover Vanellus melanopterus 247 283
238 Crowned Plover Vanellus coronatus 244 281
239 Long-toed Plover Vanellus crassirostris 245 293

SCOLOPACIDAE - SNIPES, GODWITS, SANDPIPERS etc
240 Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago 262 298
241 African Snipe Gallinago nigripennis 264 300
242 Great Snipe Gallinago media 263 299
243 Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus 266 302
244 Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa 278 319
245 Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica 277 320
246 Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus 254 322
247 Curlew Numenius arquata 253 321 Eurasian added by OSC 1993.
248 Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus 255 316
249 Redshank Tringa totanus 260 315 Common added by OSC 1993.
250 Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis 259 317
251 Greenshank Tringa nebularia 257 318 Common added by OSC 1993.
252 Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus 258 313
253 Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola 256 314
254 Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus 261 311
255 Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos 252 312
256 Turnstone Arenaria interpres 281 310 OSC add Ruddy.
257 n Red Knot Calidris canutus 269 307 Red added OSC 1993.
258 Sanderling Calidris alba 267 308
259 Little Stint Calidris minuta 272 305
260 Temminck's Stint Calidris temminckii 274 306
261 A Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta 273 none Lake Balangida Jan. 1995 E.M.Baker
262 Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea 270 303
263 Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus 275 307
264 Ruff Philomachus pugnax 279 309
265 Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus 285 323

STERCORARIIDAE - SKUAS
266 A Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus 304 338 Köhler and Köhler 1993.
267 A Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus 302 none Zanzibar Channel. Jim Vaughan '97
268 A Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus 303 337 Köhler and Köhler 1994.

LARIDAE - GULLS
269 Sooty Gull Larus hemprichii 309 348
270 Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus 307 340
271 n Heuglin’s Gull Larus huglini 305 339 split from Herring Gull. ZTP 1996.
272 Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus 314 345
273 Grey-headed Gull Larus cirrocephalus 306 342

STERNIDAE - TERNS
274 Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica 320 349
275 Caspian Tern Sterna caspia 325 350
276 n Swift Tern Sterna bergii 324 356 Greater Crested prefered by OSC
277 Lesser Crested Tern Sterna bengalensis 323 355
278 Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis 330 354
279 A Black-naped Tern Sterna sumatrana none none Baker and Boswell 1989.
280 Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii 326 352
281 Common Tern Sterna hirundo 328 351
282 White-cheeked Tern Sterna repressa 329 353
283 Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus 322 359
284 Sooty Tern Sterna fuscata 327 358
285 A Little Tern Sterna albifrons 321 357 Bregnballe et al. 1990.
286 s Saunder's Tern Sterna saundersi 321 357 split from albifrons DDL 1993.
287 Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybridus 317 362
288 n White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus 318 361 ‘black’ deleted from name
289 n Brown Noddy Anous stolidus 315 363 was Common Noddy OSC 1993.

RYNCHOPIDAE - SKIMMERS
290 n African Skimmer Rynchops flavirostris 331 364 note incorrect spelling in Britton 1980

PTEROCLIDIDAE - SANDGROUSES
291 Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles exustus 333 369
292 Black-faced Sandgrouse Pterocles decoratus 332 370
293 Yellow-throated Sandgrouse Pterocles gutturalis 334 372

COLUMBIDAE - PIGEONS and DOVES
294 Speckled Pigeon Columba guinea 341 379
295 Afep Pigeon Columba unicincta 344 382
296 Olive Pigeon Columba arquatrix 339 380
297 n Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon Columba delegorguei 340 383 Eastern added OSC 1993.
298 Lemon Dove Aplopelia larvata 337 398
299 A Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur 352 384 Ndutu Feb 97. Terry Stevenson
300 Dusky Turtle Dove Streptopelia lugens 348 385
301 Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis 351 392
302 Mourning Dove Streptopelia decipiens 347 387 OSC add African.
303 Ring-necked Dove Streptopelia capicola 346 388
304 Red-eyed Dove Streptopelia semitorquatus 350 386
305 Emerald-spotted Wood Dove Turtur chalcospilos 356 397
306 Blue-spotted Wood Dove Turtur afer 355 395
307 Tambourine Dove Turtur tympanistria 357 394
308 Namaqua Dove Oena capensis 345 393
309 s Pemba Green Pigeon Treron pembaensis E 358 402 from australis Archer and Turner 1993.
310 n African Green Pigeon Treron calva 358 401 was australis Goodwin 1967. ‘African’ added.

PSITTACIDAE - PARROTS
311 Grey Parrot Psittacus erithacus 371 442
312 Brown-necked Parrot Poicephalus robustus 368 443 pos name change due SA split
313 Red-fronted Parrot Poicephalus guliemi 366 444
314 Orange-bellied Parrot Poicephalus rufiventris 369 448 OSC adds African.
315 Brown Parrot Poicephalus meyeri 367 449
316 Brown-headed Parrot Poicephalus cryptoxanthus 365 445
317 n Red-headed Lovebird Agapornis pullarius 363 452 was pullaria ICZN 1985.
318 Fischer's Lovebird Agapornis fischeri E 361 454
319 n Yellow-collared Lovebird Agapornis personatus E 362 455 was personata ICZN 1985.
320 A Lillian's Lovebird Agapornis lillianae none S. 40 Baker 1991.

MUSOPHAGIDAE - TURACOS and GO-AWAY BIRDS
321 Black-billed Turaco Tauraco schuetti 384 430
322 Livingstone's Turaco Tauraco livingstonii 382 427
323 s Schalow's Turaco Tauraco schalowi 382 428 split from livingstonii, Dowsett-Lemaire 1988
324 Fischer's Turaco Tauraco fischeri 378 431
325 Hartlaub's Turaco Tauraco hartlaubi 379 432
326 n Purple-crested Turaco Tauraco porphyreolophus 383 434 was Violet-crested OSC 1993.
327 Ross's Turaco Musophaga rossae 377 436
328 Great Blue Turaco Corythaeola cristata 372 437
329 Eastern Grey Plantain Eater Crinifer zonurus 376 438
330 n Grey Go-away Bird Corythaixoides concolor 373 439 Grey added OSC 1993.
331 Bare-faced Go-away Bird Corythaixoides personata 375 441
332 White-bellied Go-away Bird Corythaixoides leucogaster 374 440

CUCULIDAE - CUCKOOS
333 Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius 392 413
334 n Jacobin Cuckoo Oxylophus jacobinus 393 415 Genus was Clamator, Irwin (in Fry et al. 1988).
was ‘Black and White’, Jacobin the S.A. name.
335 n Levaillant's Cuckoo Oxylophus levaillantii 394 414 Genus was Clamator, Irwin (in Fry et al. 1988).
336 Thick-billed Cuckoo Pachycoccyx audeberti 400 412
337 Red-chested Cuckoo Cuculus solitarius 399 406
338 Black Cuckoo Cuculus clamosus 396 407
339 n Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus 395 404 Common added OSC 1993.
340 African Cuckoo Cuculus gularis 397 404
341 n Asian Lesser Cuckoo Cuculus poliocephalus 398 405 Asian added OSC 1993.
342 s Madagascar Cuckoo Cuculus rochii 398 405 split from poliocephalus Becking 1985.
343 A Dusky Long-tailed Cuckoo Cercococcyx mechowi 385 409 Baker and Baker 1994.
344 Barred Long-tailed Cuckoo Cercococcyx montanus 386 411
345 Emerald Cuckoo Chrysococcyx cupreus 389 416 OSC add African.
346 n Klaas's Cuckoo Chrysococcyx klaas 391 418 was Klaas’ a better name ?
347 Didric Cuckoo Chrysococcyx caprius 388 417 OSC prefer Diederik, the S. African name

CENTROPODIDAE - COUCALS
348 Yellowbill Ceuthmochares aereus 401 424
349 Black Coucal Centropus grillii 403 420
350 Blue-headed Coucal Centropus monachus 404 421
351 Coppery-tailed Coucal Centropus cupreicaudus 402 421
352 Senegal Coucal Centropus senegalensis 405 422
353 White-browed Coucal Centropus superciliosus 406 423
354 s Burchell's Coucal Centropus burchellii 406 423 from superciliosus SM 1990.

TYTONIDAE - BARN OWLS
355 Barn Owl Tyto alba 407 528 OSC use Barn-owl.
356 n Grass Owl Tyto capensis 408 529 was Cape Grass Owl. African added by many.

STRIGIDAE - OWLS
357 A Sokoke Scops Owl Otus ireneae 421 none Evans et al. 1994.
358 n Eurasian Scops Owl Otus scops 424 534 Eurasian added due split. Marshall 1978.
359 s African Scops Owl Otus senegalensis 424 534 split from scops. Marshall 1978.
360 s Pemba Scops Owl Otus pembae E 423 535 split from rutilis Archer and Turner 1993.
361 White-faced Scops Owl Otus leucotis 422 536
362 Cape Eagle Owl Bubo capensis 413 541
363 Spotted Eagle Owl Bubo africanus 412 543
364 n Usambara Eagle Owl Bubo vosseleri E 415 545 split from fraseri. Collar and Stuart 1985.
365 Verreaux's Eagle Owl Bubo lacteus 414 544
366 Pel's Fishing Owl Scotopelia peli 425 546
367 Pearl-spotted Owlet Glaucidium perlatum 419 538
368 Barred Owlet Glaucidium capense 417 540 OSC add African.
369 n African Wood Owl Strix woodfordii 416 533 Genus was Ciccaba. Voous 1964.
370 A Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus 410 531 D. Richards, Serengeti.
371 African Marsh Owl Asio capensis 409 532

CAPRIMULGIDAE - NIGHTJARS
372 Eurasian Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus 430 547
373 A Rufous-cheeked Nightjar Caprimulgus rufigena none 550 Songea June 94 Baker &Baker.
374 Fiery-necked Nightjar Caprimulgus pectoralis 436 551
375 Dusky Nightjar Caprimulgus fraenatus 432 548
376 Donaldson-Smith's Nightjar Caprimulgus donaldsoni 429 552
377 Montane Nightjar Caprimulgus poliocephalus 437 558
378 s Usambara Nightjar Caprimulgus guttifer E 437 549 split from poliocephalus. TPZ 1993.
379 A Ruwenzori Nightjar Caprimulgus ruwenzorii 437 559 Stanford & Msuya 1995 plus split.
380 A Swamp Nightjar Caprimulgus natalensis 434 557 Stjernstedt and Moyer 1982.
381 Plain Nightjar Caprimulgus inornatus 433 556
382 Freckled Nightjar Caprimulgus tristigma 439 554
383 Gabon Nightjar Caprimulgus fossii 431 560
384 Slender-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus clarus 427 565
385 A Long-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus climacurus 428 565 Serengeti NP, March 2000, T. Gotschalk
386 A Standard-winged Nightjar Macrodipteryx longipennis 440 563 Stanford and Msuya 1995
387 Pennant-winged Nightjar Macrodipteryx vexillarius 441 564

APODIDAE - SWIFTS
388 Scarce Swift Schoutedenapus myoptilus 453 639
389 n Mottled Spinetail Telacanthura ussheri 457 647 was Mottle-throated. OSC 1993.
390 Böhm's Spinetail Neafrapus boehmi 454 648
391 Palm Swift Cypsiurus parvus 452 646 OSC add African.
392 Alpine Swift Apus melba 449 640
393 Mottled Swift Apus aequatorialis 442 641
394 Nyanza Swift Apus niansae 450 637
395 A Forbes-Watson's Swift Apus berliozi 446 none DSM March '96, Brian Finch
396 Eurasian Swift Apus apus 444 636
397 Black Swift Apus barbatus 445 636 OSC add African.
398 Little Swift Apus affinis 443 643
399 Horus Swift Apus horus 448 645
400 White-rumped Swift Apus caffer 447 644

COLIIDAE - MOUSEBIRDS
401 Speckled Mousebird Colius striatus 459 566
402 White-headed Mousebird Colius leucocephalus 458 567
403 Blue-naped Mousebird Urocolius macrourus 461 568
404 Red-faced Mousebird Urocolius indicus 460 569

TROGONIDAE - TROGONS
405 n Narina Trogon Apaloderma narina 462 570 was Narina's, an error.
406 Bar-tailed Trogon Apaloderma vittatum 463 571

ALCEDINIDAE - KINGFISHERS
407 n Malachite Kingfisher Corythornis cristata 466 470 Genus was Alcedo. OSC 1993.
408 Half-collared Kingfisher Alcedo semitorquata 469 468
409 A White-bellied Kingfisher Alcedo leucogaster 467 W422 Minziro Forest July '87 Baker & Baker
410 A Shining Blue Kingfisher Alcedo quadribrachys 468 469 Minziro Forest July '87 Baker & Baker
411 n Pygmy Kingfisher Ceyx picta 478 471 Genus was Ispidina. OSC 1993.
412 Brown-hooded Kingfisher Halcyon albiventris 470 476
413 Chestnut-bellied Kingfisher Halcyon leucocephala 473 477 OSC revert to Grey-headed.
414 Blue-breasted Kingfisher Halcyon malimbica 474 475
415 Woodland Kingfisher Halcyon senegalensis 475 473
416 Mangrove Kingfisher Halcyon senegaloides 476 474
417 Striped Kingfisher Halcyon chelicuti 472 479
418 n Giant Kingfisher Megaceryle maxima 464 466 Genus was Ceryle. OSC 1993.
419 Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis 465 465

MEROPIDAE - BEE-EATERS
420 Little Bee-eater Merops pusillus 491 488
421 Blue-breasted Bee-eater Merops variegatus 494 490
422 n Cinnamon Bee-eater Merops oreobates 488 489 we drop ‘chested’ to simplify name.
423 Swallow-tailed Bee-eater Merops hirundineus 485 496
424 White-fronted Bee-eater Merops bullockoides 482 493
425 Somali Bee-eater Merops revoilii 492 491 a single record, probably an error and may go!
426 White-throated Bee-eater Merops albicollis 479 486
427 Böhm's Bee-eater Merops boehmi 481 487
428 Madagascar Bee-eater Merops superciliosus 493 482
429 Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus 490 482
430 Eurasian Bee-eater Merops apiaster 480 481
431 Northern Carmine Bee-eater Merops nubicus 487 484
432 s Southern Carmine Bee-eater Merops nubicoides 487 485 split from nubicus, Clancey 1980

CORACIIDAE - ROLLERS
433 Eurasian Roller Coracias garrulus 497 457
434 Lilac-breasted Roller Coracias caudata 496 460
435 n Racket-tailed Roller Coracias spatulata 499 459 ‘Racket’ is preferred by many to ‘Racquet’
436 Rufous-crowned Roller Coracias naevia 498 461
437 Broad-billed Roller Eurystomus glacurus 500 463


PHOENICULIDAE - WOOD HOOPES
438 Green Wood Hoopoe Phoeniculus purpureus 508 519
439 A Violet Wood Hoopoe Phoeniculus granti 506 520 Mkomazi November ‘94 Baker & Baker
440 White-headed Wood Hoopoe Phoeniculus bollei 503 522
441 A Forest Wood Hoopoe Phoeniculus castaneiceps 504 524 Minziro Forest 1987. David Moyer
442 n Common Scimitarbill Rhinopomastus cyanomelas 505 526 Genus was Phoeniculus. TPZ 19’93
443 n Abyssinian Scimitarbill Rhinopomastus minor 507 527 Genus was Phoeniculus. TPZ 1993

UPUPIDAE - HOOPOES
444 Hoopoe Upupa epops 502 517 retain africana as a race of epops

BUCEROTIDAE - HORNBILLS
445 Red-billed Hornbill Tockus erythrorhynchus 518 505
446 Yellow-billed Hornbill Tockus flavirostris 520 506 OSC use Eastern Yellow-billed.
447 Von der Decken's Hornbill Tockus deckeni 517 507
448 A Pied Hornbill Tockus fasciatus 520 506 Sango Bay border, Alec Forbes-Watson.
449 Crowned Hornbill Tockus alboterminatus 515 509
450 Pale-billed Hornbill Tockus pallidirostris 525 511
451 Grey Hornbill Tockus nasutus 524 504 OSC add African.
452 Trumpeter Hornbill Bycanistes bucinator 510 497
453 Black & White Casqued Hornbill Bycanistes subcylindricus 513 500
454 Silvery-cheeked Hornbill Bycanistes brevis 509 501
455 n Southern Ground Hornbill Bucorvus cafer 528 515 Southern added due split of northern pops. OSC 1993.

LYBIIDAE - BARBETS and TINKERBIRDS
456 Grey-throated Barbet Gymnobucco bonapartei 533 586
457 n White-eared Barbet Stactolaema leucotis 530 588 Genus was Buccanodon. Fry et al. 1988
458 n Whyte's Barbet Stactolaema whytii 532 587 Genus was Buccanodon. Fry et al. 1988
459 n Green Barbet Stactolaema olivacea 531 589 Genus was Buccanodon. Fry et al. 1988 woodwardi on the Rondo Plateau may prove to
be distinct.
460 Yellow-spotted Barbet Buccanodon duchaillui 529 590
461 Green Tinkerbird Pogoniulus simplex 554 591 OSC use Eastern Green.
462 Moustached Green Tinkerbird Pogoniulus leucomystax 551 592
463 Red-fronted Tinkerbird Pogoniulus pusillus 552 594
464 Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird Pogoniulus chrysoconus 549 595
465 Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird Pogoniulus bilineatus 548 597
466 n Spot-flanked Barbet Tricholaema lacrymosa 539 584 was Lybius Short & Horne 1985. was ‘Spotted’
467 n Red-fronted Barbet Tricholaema diademata 535 585 Genus was Lybius. Short & Horne 1985.
468 n Miombo Pied Barbet Tricholaema frontata 536 S. 49 Genus was Lybius. Short & Horne 1985.
469 n Black-throated Barbet Tricholaema melanocephala 541 583 Genus was Lybius. Short & Horne 1985.
470 n Hairy-breasted Barbet Tricholaema hirsuta 538 582 Genus was Lybius. Short & Horne 1985.
471 Black-collared Barbet Lybius torquatus 546 575
472 A Black-billed Barbet Lybius guifsobalito 537 574 Speir. 1990.
473 Red-faced Barbet Lybius rubrifacies 545 579
474 Brown-breasted Barbet Lybius melanopterus 542 580
475 White-headed Barbet Lybius leucocephalus 540 576
476 Black-backed Barbet Lybius minor 543 577
477 Double-toothed Barbet Lybius bidentatus 534 573
478 n Crested Barbet Trachyphonus vaillanti 560 600 was Levaillant's. OSC 1993.
479 Red and Yellow Barbet Trachyphonus erythrocephalus 558 601 OSC use hyphens "Red-and-Yellow".
480 d'Arnaud's Barbet Trachyphonus darnaudii 557 603
481 Usambiro Barbet Trachyphonus usambiro 559 603 retained for now, but see Short and Horne 1985.

INDICATORIDAE - HONEYGUIDES
482 Eastern Honeybird Prodotiscus zambesiae 574 613
483 Wahlberg's Honeybird Prodotiscus regulus 573 612
484 Scaly-throated Honeyguide Indicator variegatus 569 606
485 n Greater Honeyguide Indicator indicator 563 605 was Black-throated. OSC 1993.
486 Lesser Honeyguide Indicator minor 566 608
487 Least Honeyguide Indicator exilis 562 610
488 Pallid Honeyguide Indicator meliphilus 565 610

PICIDAE - WOODPECKERS
489 Red-throated Wryneck Jynx ruficollis 575 635
490 Nubian Woodpecker Campethera nubica 583 619
491 Bennett's Woodpecker Campethera bennettii 579 618
492 s Speckle-throated Woodpecker Campethera scriptoricauda 579 619 from bennettii Winkler. 1995.
493 Golden-tailed Woodpecker Campethera abingoni 578 622
494 s Mombasa Woodpecker Campethera mombassica 578 622 split from abingoni. Clancey 1988.
495 Little Spotted Woodpecker Campethera cailliautii 580 620 OSC prefer Green-backed
496 Fine-banded Woodpecker Campethera tullbergi 584 617 OSC prefer Tullberg's
497 Buff-spotted Woodpecker Campethera nivosa 582 616
498 Brown-eared Woodpecker Campethera caroli 581 615
499 Cardinal Woodpecker Dendropicos fuscescens 585 623
500 Stierling's Woodpecker Dendropicos stierlingi 588 471
501 n Bearded Woodpecker Dendropicos namaquus 594 629 Genus was Thripias. Short 1982.
502 n Grey Woodpecker Dendropicos goertae 590 630 Genus was Mesopicos. Short 1982.
503 s Grey-headed Woodpecker Dendropicos spodocephalus 590 630 split from goertae. Prigogine and Louette 1983.
504 n Olive Woodpecker Dendropicos griseocephalus 591 631 Genus was Mesopicos. Short 1982.
505 Brown-backed Woodpecker Picoides obsoletus 593 627

EURYLAIMIDAE - BROADBILLS
506 African Broadbill Smithornis capensis 596 650

PITTIDAE - PITTAS
507 African Pitta Pitta angolensis 598 652

ALAUDIDAE - LARKS
508 Singing Bush Lark Mirafra cantillans 615 654
509 n White-tailed Lark Mirafra albicauda 614 665 SM & DDL drop Northern, DDL add Bush
510 A Friedmann's Lark Mirafra pulpa 620 none Mkomazi Aug. '94 Baker & Baker
511 Rufous-naped Lark Mirafra africana 612 659
512 Red-winged Bush Lark Mirafra hypermetra 617 657
513 A Angola Lark Mirafra angolensis none W620 Moyer 1992.
514 Flappet Lark Mirafra rufocinnamomea 621 660
515 Fawn-coloured Lark Mirafra africanoides 613 661
516 Pink-breasted Lark Mirafra poecilosterna 619 665
517 n Dusky Bush Lark Pinarocorys nigricans 618 666 Genus was Mirafra. SM and DDL.
518 Spike-heeled Lark Chersomanes albofasciata 604 none Probably a full species / TZ endemic.
519 Red-capped Lark Calandrella cinerea 601 686
520 n Athi Short-toed Lark Calandrella athensis 603 685 split from rufescens / somalica. SM 1990
521 n Short-tailed Lark Pseudalaemon fremantlii 609 678 Genus was Galerida. SM and DDL.
522 Chestnut-backed Sparrowlark Eremopterix leucotis 606 679
523 Fischer's Sparrowlark Eremopterix leucopareia 605 682

HIRUNDINIDAE - SWALLOWS and MARTINS
524 n Black Roughwing Psalidoprocne holomelas 640 1075 split from pristoptera. SM 1990.
525 s Eastern Roughwing Psalidoprocne orientalis 640 1077 split from pristoptera. SM 1990.
526 White-headed Roughwing Psalidoprocne albiceps 639 1080 SM and DDL use saw-wing.
527 Mascarene Martin Phedina borbonica 638 1067
528 Sand Martin Riparia riparia 643 1068
529 African Sand Martin Riparia paludicola 642 1069
530 Banded Martin Riparia cincta 641 1070
531 Grey-rumped Swallow Hirundo griseopyga 633 1066
532 Rufous-chested Swallow Hirundo semirufa 635 1064
533 Mosque Swallow Hirundo senegalensis 636 1063
534 n Lesser Striped Swallow Hirundo abyssinica 624 1065 SM and DDL use Lesser.
535 n Greater Striped Swallow Hirundo cucullata 629 S 857 SM and DDL use Greater.
536 Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica 630 1062
537 African Rock Martin Hirundo fuligula 632 1073
538 Blue Swallow Hirundo atrocaerulea 628 1060
539 Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii 637 1061
540 Pearl-breasted Swallow Hirundo dimidiata 631 1058
541 Ethiopian Swallow Hirundo aethiopica 625 1057
542 White-throated Swallow Hirundo albigularis 626 1056
543 n European Swallow Hirundo rustica 634 1054 SM use Barn. DDL use European.
544 Angola Swallow Hirundo angolensis 627 1055
545 House Martin Delichon urbica 623 1074

MOTACILLIDAE - WAGTAILS, PIPITS, LONGCLAWS
546 Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava 996 695 but be aware of Dutch splits in this complex
547 Cape Wagtail Motacilla capensis 993 693
548 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea 994 694
549 Mountain Wagtail Motacilla clara 995 692
550 White Wagtail Motacilla alba 992 690
551 African Pied Wagtail Motacilla aguimp 991 691
552 Golden Pipit Tmetothylacus tenellus 997 715
553 n African Pipit Anthus cinnamomeus 981 706 was novaeseelandiae Clancey 1990.
554 s Jackson's Pipit Anthus latistriatus none 707 was novaeseelandiae Clancey 1990.
555 Long-billed Pipit Anthus similis 982 703
556 s Woodland Pipit Anthus nyassae 982 703 split from similis Clancey 1990.
557 Plain-backed Pipit Anthus leucophrys 978 704
558 Buffy Pipit Anthus vaalensis 985 705
559 Short-tailed Pipit Anthus brachyurus 974 711
560 Little Tawny Pipit Anthus caffer 975 712
561 Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis 984 708
562 Sokoke Pipit Anthus sokokensis 983 710
563 Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus 977 713
564 Striped Pipit Anthus lineiventris 979 714
565 Yellow-throated Longclaw Macronyx croceus 988 716
566 Fülleborn's Longclaw Macronyx fuellebornii 989 717
567 Pangani Longclaw Macronyx aurantiigula 987 720
568 Rosy-breasted Longclaw Macronyx ameliae 986 721

CAMPEPHAGIDAE - CUCKOO SHRIKES
569 Black Cuckoo Shrike Campephaga flava 688 1081
570 Purple-throated Cuckoo Shrike Campephaga quiscalina 691 1084
571 Grey Cuckoo Shrike Coracina caesia 693 1086
572 White-breasted Cuckoo Shrike Coracina pectoralis 695 1085

PYCNONOTIDAE - GREENBULS
573 Shelley's Greenbul Andropadus masukuensis 702 768
574 n Mountain Greenbul Andropadus nigriceps 704 766 was tephrolaemus DDL
575 s Green-throated Greenbul Andropadus chlorigula E 704 766 was tephrolaemus SM 1990 cf. DDL
576 Stripe-cheeked Greenbul Andropadus milanjensis 703 767
577 Little Greenbul Andropadus virens 705 775
578 Cameroon Sombre Greenbul Andropadus curvirostris 697 774
579 Slender-billed Greenbul Andropadus gracilirostris 698 771
580 A Little Grey Greenbul Andropadus gracilis 699 772 Minziro Oct 98, Dave Moyer
581 Yellow-whiskered Greenbul Andropadus latirostris 701 776
582 Zanzibar Sombre Greenbul Andropadus importunus 700 773
583 A Honeyguide Greenbul Baeopogon indicator 706 751 Stanford and Msuya 1995
584 A Joyful Greenbul Chlorocichla laetissima 711 770 Kenyangaga, SNP, March 2000, T.Gotschalk
585 Yellow-throated Leaflove Chlorocichla flavicollis 709 749
586 Yellow-bellied Greenbul Chlorocichla flaviventris 710 769
587 Leaflove Phyllastrephus scandens 728 750
588 n Terrestrial Brownbul Phyllastrephus terrestris 730 753 DDL add Terrestrial.
589 Northern Brownbul Phyllastrephus strepitans 729 754
590 Grey-olive Greenbul Phyllastrephus cerviniventris 721 759
591 Fischer's Greenbul Phyllastrephus fischeri 723 758
592 Cabanis' Greenbul Phyllastrephus cabanisi 720 758
593 Olive Mountain Greenbul Phyllastrephus placidus 727 758 DDL lump with cabanisi
594 A Icterine Greenbul Phyllastrephus icterinus 725 W710 Baker and Hirslund 1987.
595 A Xavier's Greenbul Phyllastrephus xavieri 731 763 Minziro Forest July '87 Baker & Baker.
596 Yellow-streaked Greenbul Phyllastrephus flavostriatus 724 755
597 s Sharpe's Greenbul Phyllastrephus alfredi 724 756 split from flavostriatus. SM 1990.
598 Tiny Greenbul Phyllastrephus debilis 722 757
599 n Yellow-lored Bristlebill Bleda notata 708 746 was syndactyla Chappuis and Erard 1993.
600 A Green-tailed Bristlebill Bleda eximia 707 747 Minziro Forest '87 Baker & Baker.
601 A Spotted Greenbul Ixonotus guttatus 715 752 Baker and Hirslund 1987.
602 Yellow-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus 732 741 note. SM split barbatus and tricolor.

TURDIDAE - THRUSHES, ROBINS, WHEATEARS, CHATS
603 A White-tailed Ant-thrush Neocossyphus poensis 772 849 Minziro Forest '87 Baker & Baker
604 n Red-tailed Ant-thrush Neocossyphus rufus 773 848 hyphen added
605 Rufous Thrush Stizorhina fraseri 790 810 DDL Rufous Ant-thrush in Stizorhina
SM Rufous Flycatcher-thrush in Neocossyphus
606 Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis 769 850
607 n Little Rock Thrush Monticola rufocinereus 768 853 ICZN 1985.
608 Miombo Rock Thrush Monticola angolensis 767 852
609 n Olive Thrush Turdus olivaceus 793 841 SM and DDL use olivaceus, ‘Northern’ deleted
610 African Thrush Turdus pelios 801 840
611 Kurrichane Thrush Turdus libonyanus 798 839
612 Bare-eyed Thrush Turdus tephronotus 804 843
613 n Groundscraper Thrush Psophocichla litsipsirupa 799 847 Genus was Turdus. SM and DDL.
614 n Spotted Ground Thrush Zoothera guttata 795 846 SM use Z. guttata DDL Turdus fischeri
615 n Orange Ground Thrush Zoothera gurneyi 796 844 Genus was Turdus. SM 1990.
616 n Abyssinian Ground Thrush Zoothera piaggiae 802 845 Genus was Turdus. SM 1990.
617 A Fire-crested Alethe Alethe castanea 734 901 Baker and Hirslund 1987and name change
618 Brown-chested Alethe Alethe poliocephala 736 903
619 White-chested Alethe Alethe fuelleborni 735 905
620 n Starred Robin Pogonocichla stellata 782 915 SM drop Forest, DDL also drop White
621 A Forest Robin Stiphrornis erythrothorax 789 900 Minziro Forest 1987. Baker & Baker
622 A Swynnerton's Robin Swynnertonia swynnertoni none S 745 Stuart and Jensen 1981.
623 n Bocage's Akalat Sheppardia bocagei 758 888 DDL and SM, Jensen 1989.
624 s Alexander's Akalat Sheppardia poensis 758 888 split from bocagei Prigogine 1987
625 A Lowland Akalat Sheppardia cyornithops 786 899 Baker and Hirslund 1987 and name change
626 Sharpe's Akalat Sheppardia sharpei 788 897
627 East Coast Akalat Sheppardia gunningi 787 896
628 n Usambara Akalat Sheppardia montana E 760 906 DDL and SM. see Jensen 1989.
629 n Iringa Akalat Sheppardia lowei E 759 907 DDL and SM. see Jensen 1989.
630 Sprosser Luscinia luscinia 763 922
631 Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos 764 921
632 Irania Irania gutturalis 762 920
633 n Olive-flanked Robin Chat Cossypha anomala 756 895 DDL drop Dryocichloides, see Jensen 1989.
634 n Grey-winged Robin Chat Cossypha polioptera 761 887 DDL and SM, see Jensen 1989.
635 n Cape Robin Chat Cossypha caffra 749 893 SM add Cape, DDL use Cape Robin.
636 A Blue-shouldered Robin Chat Cossypha cyanocampter 750 889 Minziro Forest 1987 Baker & Baker.
637 Ruppell's Robin Chat Cossypha semirufa 755 885
638 White-browed Robin Chat Cossypha heuglini 751 884 DDL use Heuglin's Robin, the S. Africa name.
639 Red-capped Robin Chat Cossypha natalensis 752 890
640 n Snowy-crowned Robin Chat Cossypha niveicapilla 753 892 SM use Snowy-crowned.
641 Morning Thrush Cichladusa arquata 747 908 SM and DDL use Collared Palm Thrush.
642 Spotted Morning Thrush Cichladusa guttata 748 909 DDL use Spotted Palm Thrush.
643 n Miombo Scrub Robin Cercotrichas barbata 741 912 SM use Miombo, DDL use Central
644 n Bearded Scrub Robin Cercotrichas quadrivirgata 746 913 SM drop Eastern.
645 Brown-backed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas hartlaubi 743 914
646 White-browed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas leucophrys 744 910
647 Rufous Bush Chat Cercotrichas galactotes 742 934
648 Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus 781 917 SM add Common.
649 Stonechat Saxicola torquata 784 882 SM add Common.
650 Whinchat Saxicola rubetra 783 883
651 Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe 777 854 Northern better than European of DDL..
652 Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka 779 859
653 n Schalow's Wheatear Oenanthe schalowi 776 865 SM 1990 split from lugubris.
654 Capped Wheatear Oenanthe pileata 778 868
655 Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina 775 855
656 n Familiar Chat Cercomela familiaris 738 871 SM and DDL use Familiar.
657 Alpine Chat Cercomela sordida 740 873
658 n Northern Anteater Chat Myrmecocichla aethiops 770 881 SM add Northern due split of southern pops.
659 Sooty Chat Myrmecocichla nigra 771 880
660 n White-headed Black Chat Myrmecocichla arnotti 791 879 SM and DDL note "tt" not "t" cf. Britton.
661 Cliff Chat Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris 792 876

SYLVIIDAE - WARBLERS
662 n Broad-tailed Warbler Schoenicola brevirostris 914 969 split from platyura. Prigogine 1985.
663 Little Rush Warbler Bradypterus baboecala 832 948 SM use African Bush Warbler.
664 White-winged Warbler Bradypterus carpalis 834 950
665 Cinnamon Bracken Warbler Bradypterus cinnamomeus 835 952
666 n Evergreen Forest Warbler Bradypterus mariae 833 953 split from barratti Dowsett and Stjernstedt 1979.
667 Bamboo Warbler Bradypterus alfredi 831 951
668 n Black-faced Rufous Warbler Bathmocercus rufus 829 1053 split from cerviniventris. SM 1990.
669 Mrs Moreau's Warbler Bathmocercus winifredae E 830 992 SM revert to Scepomycter.
670 n African Moustached Warbler Melocichla mentalis 915 1051 SM and DDL use Melocichla. but no ref !
671 River Warbler Locustella fluviatilis 892 940
672 Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus 811 947
673 African Reed Warbler Acrocephalus baeticatus 806 946 with scirpaceus. Dowsett-Lemaire & Dowsett 1987.
674 Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus 812 944 recently split into two species by some Europeans.
675 Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris 809 945
676 Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus 805 942
677 Basra Reed Warbler Acrocephalus griseldis 808 943
678 Lesser Swamp Warbler Acrocephalus gracilirostris 807 957
679 Greater Swamp Warbler Acrocephalus rufescens 810 955
680 Olivaceous Warbler Hippolais pallida 888 938
681 Upcher's Warbler Hippolais languida 886 937
682 Olive-tree Warbler Hippolais olivetorum 887 936
683 Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina 885 935
684 A Papyrus Yellow Warbler Chloropeta gracilirostris 842 958 Vande weghe 1992.
685 Yellow Warbler Chloropeta natalensis 843 805 SM use Flycatcher Warbler.
686 Mountain Yellow Warbler Chloropeta similis 844 806
687 Green-capped Eremomela Eremomela scotops 880 1006
688 Yellow-bellied Eremomela Eremomela icteropygiallis 878 1003
689 A Yellow-vented Eremomela Eremomela flavicrissalis 877 1004 Mkomazi Nov '94 Baker & Baker.
690 White-browed Crombec Sylvietta leucophrys 923 1002
691 Green Crombec Sylvietta virens 924 1001
692 A Red-capped Crombec Sylvietta ruficapilla none 1000 Stjernstedt and Moyer 1982.
693 Red-faced Crombec Sylvietta whytii 925 997
694 A Long-billed Crombec Sylvietta rufescens none 998 Stjernstedt and Moyer 1982.
695 Northern Crombec Sylvietta brachyura 921 996
696 A Somali Long-billed Crombec Sylvietta isabellina 922 999 Mkomazi Nov '94 Baker and Baker.
697 A Grey Longbill Macrosphenus concolor 895 1015 Minziro Forest 1987 David Moyer.
698 A Yellow Longbill Macrosphenus flavicans 896 1014 Minziro Forest 1987 Baker & Baker.
699 Kretschmer's Longbill Macrosphenus kretschmeri 897 764
700 Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus 908 959
701 Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita 904 960
702 Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix 907 961
703 n Brown Forest Warbler Phylloscopus umbrovirens 909 964 we replace ’woodland’ with ‘forest’.
704 n Yellow-throated Warbler Phylloscopus ruficapilla 906 963 we drop ‘woodland’ from name.
705 A Laura's Warbler Phylloscopus laurae none S 775 Moyer and Stjernstedt 1986.
706 Yellow-bellied Hyliota Hyliota flavigaster 891 813
707 n Usambara Hyliota Hyliota usambarae E 890 814 split from australis. Urban et al. 1996.
708 Green Hylia Hylia prasina 889 1281
709 Barred Warbler Sylvia nisoria 920 933
710 Garden Warbler Sylvia borin 918 925
711 Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla 917 926
712 n Common Whitethroat Sylvia communis 919 924 Common added.
713 Banded Parisoma Parisoma boehmi 899 787 SM and DDL use Sylvia.
714 Brown Parisoma Parisoma lugens 900 789 SM and DDL use Sylvia.
715 Pectoral-patch Cisticola Cisticola brunnescens 851 1020
716 s Pale-crowned Cisticola Cisticola cinnamomeus 851 1020 split from brunnescens. Urban et al. 1996.
717 Wing-snapping Cisticola Cisticola ayresii 848 1019
718 A Black-backed Cisticola Cisticola eximius 858 1021 Serengeti NP, Jan. 2000 T. Gotschalk
719 Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis 862 1016
720 n Desert Cisticola Cisticola aridulus 847 1018 ICZN 1985.
721 Croaking Cisticola Cisticola natalensis 866 1036
722 n Stout Cisticola Cisticola robustus 869 1035 ICZN 1985.
723 Wailing Cisticola Cisticola lais 863 1022
724 n Ashy Cisticola Cisticola cinereolus 856 1042 ICZN 1985.
725 n Rattling Cisticola Cisticola chiniana 854 1024 ICZN 1985.
726 Churring Cisticola Cisticola njombe 867 1023
727 n Tiny Cisticola Cisticola nanus 865 1041 ICZN 1985.
728 n Siffling Cisticola Cisticola brachypterus 850 1037 ICZN 1985.
729 s Tabora Cisticola Cisticola angusticauda 859 1040 split from fulvicapillus. SM 1990.
730 n Piping Cisticola Cisticola fulvicapillus 859 1039 ICZN 1985.
731 Rock-loving Cisticola Cisticola emini 846 1027 split from aberrans. SM 1990.
732 s Lazy Cisticola Cisticola aberrans 846 1027
733 Trilling Cisticola Cisticola woosnami 873 1026
734 Red-faced Cisticola Cisticola erythrops 857 1032
735 Singing Cisticola Cisticola cantans 852 1031
736 Hunter's Cisticola Cisticola hunteri 861 1030
737 A Cisticloa no. 1 Cisticola sp. nov. E - - one of the two Ifakara cisticolas.
738 Chubb's Cisticola Cisticola chubbi 855 1029
739 s Black-lored Cisticola Cisticola nigriloris 855 1028 split from chubbi. DDL 1980.
740 Winding Cisticola Cisticola galactotes 860 1033
741 A Cisticola no. 2 Cisticola sp. nov. E - - one of the two Ifakara cisticolas.
742 Carruthers' Cisticola Cisticola carruthersi 853 1034
743 A Chirping Cisticola Cisticola pipiens none S 828 Moyer and Sikombe 1992.
744 A Levaillant's Cisticola Cisticola tinniens 871 1044 BOA vol. 5 but specimens / org. ref ?
745 Tawny-flanked Prinia Prinia subflava 913 1045
746 White-chinned Prinia Prinia leucopogon 911 1048
747 Red-winged Warbler Heliolais erythroptera 883 1050
748 Red-fronted Warbler Spiloptila rufifrons 916 987 SM use Apalis but no reference. !!
749 Buff-bellied Warbler Phyllolais pulchella 902 995
750 Yellow-breasted Apalis Apalis flavida 818 980
751 Masked Apalis Apalis binotata 815 981
752 Black-throated Apalis Apalis jacksoni 819 982
753 White-winged Apalis Apalis chariessa 816 984
754 Bar-throated Apalis Apalis thoracica 828 971
755 Grey Apalis Apalis cinerea 817 973
756 Brown-headed Apalis Apalis alticola 813 974
757 Karamoja Apalis Apalis karamojae 820 988
758 Buff-throated Apalis Apalis rufogularis 826 976
759 Kungwe Apalis Apalis argentea 814 990
760 Chestnut-throated Apalis Apalis porphyrolaema 824 985
761 n Chapin's Apalis Apalis chapini 824 986 split from porphyrolaema DDL 1980.
762 Black-headed Apalis Apalis melanocephala 821 975
763 Long-billed Tailorbird Orthotomus moreaui 822 989 genus to Orthotomus, Urban et al. 1996.
764 Red-capped Tailorbird Orthotomus metopias 898 991 SM and Urban et al. 1996 use African Tailorbird.
765 Grey-backed Camaroptera Camaroptera brachyura 837 1011
766 s Green-backed Camaroptera Camaroptera brevicauda 837 1009 split from brachyura. SM 1990.
767 A Olive-green Camaroptera Camaroptera chloronota 838 1010 Minziro Forest '87 Baker & Baker.
768 s Miombo Wren Warbler Camaroptera undosa 839 968 from simplex Hall & Moreau 1970 and ZTP.
769 Barred Wren Warbler Camaroptera stierlingi 840 967 SM use Calamonastes. DDL use Camaroptera.
770 Grey Wren Warbler Camaroptera simplex 839 968
771 Grey-capped Warbler Eminia lepida 875 993

MUSCICAPIDAE - FLYCATCHERS
772 Grey Flycatcher Bradornis microrhynchu 927 793
773 Pale Flycatcher Bradornis pallidus 928 792
774 Silverbird Empidornis semipartitu 929 801
775 n White-eyed Slaty Flycatcher Melaenornis fischeri 933 796 split from chocolatina. SM use Dioptrornis fischeri.
776 Southern Black Flycatcher Melaenornis pammelaina 935 799
777 n Western Black Flycatcher Melaenornis edolioides 934 798 DDL use Western .
778 Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis 930 780
779 s Semi-collared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata 930 779 split from albicollis. Voous 1977.
780 Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata 945 778
781 Dusky Flycatcher Muscicapa adusta 936 781
782 Swamp Flycatcher Muscicapa aquatica 937 782
783 Ashy Flycatcher Muscicapa caerulescens 938 785
784 A Sooty Flycatcher Muscicapa infuscata 926 804 Ukerewe Island. Fuggles-Couchman
785 n Böhm's Flycatcher Muscicapa boehmi 947 802 SM & DDL use Musicapa .
786 Lead-coloured Flycatcher Myioparus plumbeus 946 788
787 n Grey-throated Flycatcher Myioparus griseigularis 942 786 SM and DDL use Myioparus.

PLATYSTEIRDAE - WATTLE-EYES and BATIS
788 n Vanga Flycatcher Bias musicus 955 812 the southern African name, to simplify.
789 A Shrike Flycatcher Bias flammulata 956 811 Minziro Forest '87 Baker & Baker.
790 Forest Batis Batis mixta 950 815
791 s Reichenow's Batis Batis reichenowi E 950 815 Lawson 1986. SM 1990.
792 Chin-spot Batis Batis molitor 951 817
793 East Coast Batis Batis soror 954 817 SM use Pale.
794 Pygmy Batis Batis perkeo 953 819
795 Black-headed Batis Batis minor 949 820
796 Yellow-bellied Wattle-eye Platysteira concreta 959 826
797 Jameson's Wattle-eye Platysteira blissetti 957 825
798 Chestnut Wattle-eye Platysteira castanea 958 824
799 n Brown-throated Wattle-eye Platysteira cyanea 960 822 Brown-throated added.
800 Black-throated Wattle-eye Platysteira peltata 961 823

MONARCHIDAE - MONARCH FLYCATCHERS
801 Livingstone's Flycatcher Erythrocercus livingstonei 965 809
902 Little Yellow Flycatcher Erythrocercus holochlorus 964 807
803 n Blue Flycatcher Elminia longicauda 963 827 SM and DDL use Elminia.
804 n White-tailed Blue Flycatcher Elminia albicauda 962 827 SM and DDL use Elminia.
805 n Dusky Crested Flycatcher Elminia nigromitrata 972 831 DDL use Elminia.
806 n White-tailed Crested Flycatcher Elminia albonotata 970 829 DDL use Elminia.
807 Crested Flycatcher Trochocercus cynomelas 971 828
808 Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone viridis 968 832
809 Red-bellied Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone rufiventer 967 835

TIMALIIDAE - BABBLERS, IIADOPSIS, CHATTERERS
810 Spot-throat Modulatrix stictigula 766 894
811 n Dappled Mountain Robin Arcanator orostruthus 765 762 was ‘Modulatrix’ but pending DNA research.
812 n Brown Illadopsis Illadopsis fulvescens 675 735 SM and DDL use Illadopsis for genus
813 n Mountain Illadopsis Illadopsis pyrrhopter 676 738 and Beehler 1985.
814 n Pale-breasted Illadopsis Illadopsis rufipennis 677 736
815 A Scaly-breasted Illadopsis Illadopsis albipectus 674 737 Baker and Hirslund 1987.
816 African Hill Babbler Alcippe abyssinica 671 740 SM Illadopsis DDL Pseudoalcippe
817 Arrow-marked Babbler Turdoides jardineii 681 725
818 n Black-lored Babbler Turdoides sharpei 683 726 split from melanops SM 1990.
819 Northern Pied Babbler Turdoides hypoleucus 680 729
820 n Angola Babbler Turdoides hartlaubi 682 728 split from leucopygius SM 1990.
821 Rufous Chatterer Turdoides rubiginosus 685 732
822 Scaly Chatterer Turdoides aylmeri 678 733

PARIDAE - TITS
823 n Acacia Grey Tit Parus thruppi 660 1151 split from afer SM 1990.
824 Miombo Grey Tit Parus griseiventris 665 1151
825 Black Tit Parus leucomelas 666 1154
826 s White-shouldered Black Tit Parus guineensis 666 1154 split from leucomelas SM 1990. BUT !
827 White-bellied Tit Parus albiventris 661 1155
828 Red-throated Tit Parus fringillinus 663 1159
829 n Cinnamon-breasted Tit Parus pallidiventris 667 1158 split from rufiventris SM 1990.

REMIZIDAE - PENDULINE TITS
830 n Mouse-coloured Penduline Tit Anthoscopus musculus 669 1161 Genus was Remiz SM 1990.
831 n African Penduline Tit Anthoscopus caroli 668 1160 SM and DDL use Anthoscopus.
832 s Buff-bellied Penduline Tit Anthoscopus sylviella 668 1160 split from caroli SM 1990. BUT !

CERTHIIDAE - TREE CREEPERS
833 Spotted Creeper Salpornis spilonota 670 1283

NECTARINIIDAE -- SUNBIRDS
834 n Grey-headed Sunbird Anthreptes axillaris 1081 1280 split from fraseri. SM 1990.
835 Plain-backed Sunbird Anthreptes reichenowi 1088 1279
836 Anchieta's Sunbird Anthreptes anchietae 1079 1276
837 n Western Violet-backed Sunbird Anthreptes longuemarei 1082 1274 Western added SM 1990.
838 Eastern Violet-backed Sunbird Anthreptes orientalis 1084 1274
839 Uluguru Violet-backed Sunbird Anthreptes neglectus 1083 1275
840 Amani Sunbird Anthreptes pallidigaster 1085 1278
841 A Green Sunbird Anthreptes rectirostris 1087 1272 Minziro Forest July '87 Baker & Baker.
842 Banded Green Sunbird Anthreptes rubritorques E 1089 1273
843 Collared Sunbird Anthreptes collaris 1080 1271
844 A Little Green Sunbird Nectarinia seimundi 1121 1277 Minziro Forest July '87 Baker & Baker.
845 n Eastern Olive Sunbird Nectarinia olivacea 1112 1269 Eastern' added due split.
846 s Western Olive Sunbird Necarinia obscura 1112 1269 split from olivacea Clancey 1992-93.
847 Mouse-coloured Sunbird Nectarinia veroxii 1129 1265
848 Green-headed Sunbird Nectarinia verticalis 1130 1266
849 Blue-throated Brown Sunbird Nectarinia cyanolaema 1097 1268
850 Green-throated Sunbird Nectarinia rubescens 1120 262
851 Amethyst Sunbird Nectarinia amethystina 1091 1261
852 Scarlet-chested Sunbird Nectarinia senegalensis 1122 1263
853 Hunter's Sunbird Nectarinia hunteri 1101 1264
854 Variable Sunbird Nectarinia venusta 1128 1251
855 White-bellied Sunbird Nectarinia talatala 1127 1249
856 n Oustalet's Sunbird Nectarinia oustaleti 1113 1250 was Angola White-bellied.
857 A Rufous-winged Sunbird Nectarinia rufipennis E none none new species Jensen 1984.
858 Olive-bellied Sunbird Nectarinia chloropygia 1094 1257
859 n Miombo Sunbird Nectarinia manoensis 1106 1253 drop ‘Double-collared’ to simplify name
860 Eastern Double-collared Sunbird Nectarinia mediocris 1108 1254
861 Moreau's Sunbird Nectarinia moreaui E 1110 1255 may be lumped with mediocris.
862 Loveridge's Sunbird Nectarinia loveridgei E 1104 1260
863 Regal Sunbird Nectarinia regia 1118 1259
864 n Shelley's Sunbird Nectarinia shelleyi 1123 1246 we drop ‘Double-collared’.
865 Mariqua Sunbird Nectarinia mariquensis 1107 1245
866 Red-chested Sunbird Nectarinia erythroceri 1098 1232
867 n Black-bellied Sunbird Nectarinia nectarinioides 1111 234 we drop ‘Smaller’ to simplify name
868 n Purple-banded Sunbird Nectarinia bifasciata 1092 1241 we drop ‘Little’ to shorten name.
869 s Pemba Sunbird Nectarinia pembae E 1114 1244 Archer and Turner 1993.
870 Copper Sunbird Nectarinia cuprea 1096 1238
871 Tacazze Sunbird Nectarinia tacazze 1126 1229
872 Beautiful Sunbird Nectarinia pulchella 1116 1233
873 Malachite Sunbird Nectarinia famosa 1099 1227
874 n Scarlet-tufted Sunbird Nectarinia johnstoni 1102 1228 we drop ‘Malachite’ from name.
875 Superb Sunbird Nectarinia superba 1125 1237
876 Bronze Sunbird Nectarinia kilimensis 1103 1230
877 Golden-winged Sunbird Nectarinia reichenowi 1119 1235

ZOSTEROPIDAE - WHITE-EYES
878 n Abyssinian White-eye Zosterops abyssinicus 1131 1219 ICZN 1985.
879 n Montane White-eye Zosterops poliogaster 1132 1222 ICZN 1985.
880 s South Pare White-eye Zosterops winifredae E 1132 1224 considered a good species by some.
881 Yellow White-eye Zosterops senegalensis 1133 1219
882 s Pemba White-eye Zosterops vaughani E 1133 1220 from senegalensis Archer and Turner 1993.

ORIOLIDAE - ORIOLES
883 Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus 651 1164
884 African Golden Oriole Oriolus auratus 646 1165
885 Black-headed Oriole Oriolus larvatus 649 1167
886 Montane Oriole Oriolus percivali 652 1169
887 Green-headed Oriole Oriolus chlorocephalus 648 1170
888 A Western Black-headed Oriole Oriolus brachyrhynchus 647 1168 Britton 1981.

LANIIDAE - SHRIKES
889 Souza's Shrike Lanius souzae 1040 1111
890 Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio 1030 1112
891 Red-tailed Shrike Lanius isabellinus 1034 1114
892 Mackinnon's Shrike Lanius mackinnoni 1035 1110
893 Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius minor 1036 1103
894 Grey-backed Fiscal Lanius excubitoroides 1032 1102
895 Long-tailed Fiscal Lanius cabanisi 1028 1108
896 Taita Fiscal Lanius dorsalis 1031 1107
897 n Common Fiscal Lanius collaris 1029 1104 Common added.
898 A Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator 1038 1115 DSM 1994 Sudhir Viaz.
899 s Uhehe Fiscal Lanius marwitzi E 1029 1105 split from collaris SM 1990.
900 Magpie Shrike Corvinella melanoleuca 1027 1118
901 n White-capped Shrike Eurocephalus rueppelli 1041 1097 split from southern birds SM 1990. crowned to capped

MALACONOTIDAE - PUFFBACKS, TCHAGRAS, BOUBOUS, BUSH SHRIKES
902 Brubru Nilaus afer 1020 1098
903 Pringle's Puffback Dryoscopus pringlii 1001 1130
904 Black-backed Puffback Dryoscopus cubla 999 1128
905 Northern Puffback Dryoscopus gambensis 1000 1131
906 Pink-footed Puffback Dryoscopus angolensis 998 1132
907 Marsh Tchagra Tchagra minuta 1024 1136
908 s Anchieta's Tchagra Tchagra anchietae 1024 1136 split from minuta SM 1990.
909 n Brown-crowned Tchagra Tchagra australis 1022 1134 was Brown-headed.
910 A Three-streaked Tchagra Tchagra jamesi 1023 1135 Lack. 1994.
911 n Black-crowned Tchagra Tchagra senegala 1025 1133 was Black-headed.
912 Rosy-patched Shrike Rhodophoneus cruentus 1021 1147
913 Luhder's Bush Shrike Laniarius luehderi 1008 1127
914 n Tropical Boubou Laniarius aethiopicus 1004 1125 split from ferrugineus SM 1990.
915 n Black-headed Gonolek Laniarius erythrogaster 1003 1119 split from barbatus SM 1990.
916 Papyrus Gonolek Laniarius mufumbiri 1009 1120
917 n Fülleborn's Boubou Laniarius fuelleborni 1005 1124 SM remove Black from name.
918 Slate-coloured Boubou Laniarius funebris 1006 1121
919 Sulphur-breasted Bush Shrike Malaconotus sulfureopectus 1019 1138 SM use Telophorus but see Harris 1988.
920 n Black-fronted Bush Shrike Malaconotus nigrifrons 1017 1140 DDL retain multicolor.
921 Four-coloured Bush Shrike Malaconotus quadricolor 1018 1142 DDL include with viridis/ Gorgeous.
922 Grey-headed Bush Shrike Malaconotus blanchoti 1012 1144
923 Uluguru Bush Shrike Malaconotus alius E 1011 1145
924 n Western Nicator Nicator chloris 716 1148 Western added SM 1990.
925 s Eastern Nicator Nicator gularis 716 1148 split from chloris SM 1990.

PRIONOPIDAE -- HELMET SHRIKES
926 n White Helmet Shrike Prionops plumatus 1043 1090 ICZN 1985.'White' added SM 1990.
927 n Grey-crested Helmet Shrike Prionops poliolophus 1044 1092 ICZN 1985.
928 Retz's Helmet Shrike Prionops retzii 1045 1095
929 Chestnut-fronted Helmet Shrike Prionops scopifrons 1046 1096

DICRURIDAE - DRONGOS
930 Square-tailed Drongo Dicrurus ludwigii 645 1089
931 Drongo Dicrurus adsimilis 644 1088 Fork-tailed added by SM 1990.

CORVIDAE - CROWS
932 n House Crow Corvus splendens 658 1174 'Indian' deleted.
933 Pied Crow Corvus albus 654 1172
934 Cape Rook Corvus capensis 655 1173 SM use Cape Crow, DDL use Black Crow.
935 White-necked Raven Corvus albicollis 653 1175

STURNIDAE - STARLINGS
936 Stuhlmann's Starling Poeoptera stuhlmanni 1070 1209
937 Kenrick's Starling Poeoptera kenricki 1068 1210
938 n Waller's Starling Onychognathus walleri 1067 1201 we drop ‘Chestnut-wing’ from name.
939 Red-winged Starling Onychognathus morio 1064 1203
940 A Chestnut-winged Starling Onychognathus fulgidus 1063 1200 Fuggles-Couchman 1983.
941 n Slender-billed Starling Onychognathus tenuirostris 1066 1205 we drop ‘Chestnut-wing’.
942 n Black-breasted Starling Lamprotornis corruscus 1057 1194 we drop ‘Glossy’ from name.
943 n Blue-eared Starling Lamprotornis chalybaeus 1055 1188 we drop ‘Glossy’.
944 n Lesser Blue-eared Starling Lamprotornis chloropterus 1056 1190 SM elevate ‘elizabeth’ but no original ref.!
945 n Sharp-tailed Starling Lamprotornis acuticaudus 1053 S 94 we drop ‘Glossy’.
946 Splendid Starling Lamprotornis splendidus 1061 1192
947 n Rüppell's Starling Lamprotornis purpuropterus 1060 1196 we drop ‘Glossy’.
948 n Superb Starling Lamprotornis superbus 1076 1216 Genus was Spreo SM 1990 & DDL '93.
949 A Shelley's Starling Lamprotornis shelleyi 1075 1215 Mkomazi Jan '96 Peter Lack.
950 n Hildebrandt's Starling Lamprotornis hildebrandti 1074 1214 Genus was Spreo SM 1990 & DDL '93.
951 Fischer's Starling Spreo fischeri 1073 1211
952 Golden-breasted Starling Cosmopsarus regius 1050 1198
953 Ashy Starling Cosmopsarus unicolor E 1051 1199
954 Abbott's Starling Cinnyricinclus femoralis 1047 1186
955 Sharpe's Starling Cinnyricinclus sharpii 1049 1185
956 Violet-backed Starling Cinnyricinclus leucogaster 1048 1184
957 Magpie Starling Speculipastor bicolor 1071 1187
958 White-winged Starling Neocichla gutturalis 1062 1183 SM use Babbling Starling.
959 Wattled Starling Creatophora cinerea 1052 1182
960 Yellow-billed Oxpecker Buphagus africanus 1077 1217
961 Red-billed Oxpecker Buphagus erythrorhynchus 1078 1218

PASSERIDAE -- SPARROWS and PETRONIAS
962 House Sparrow Passer domesticus 1204 1293
963 n Rufous Sparrow Passer rufocinctus 1207 1295 split from motitensis SM 1990.
964 Grey-headed Sparrow Passer griseus 1206 1300
965 s Swahili Sparrow Passer suahelicus 1206 1302 split from griseus Summers-Smith 1988.
966 s Parrot-billed Sparrow Passer gongonensis 1206 1303 split from griseus Summers-Smith 1988.
967 s Southern Grey-headed Sparrow Passer diffusus 1206 1300 split from griseus Summers-Smith 1988.
968 Chestnut Sparrow Passer eminibey 1205 1306
969 Yellow-spotted Petronia Petronia pyrgita 1208 1308
970 n White-browed Petronia Petronia superciliaris 1209 1307 was Yellow-throated, a confusing name.

PLOCEIDAE - WEAVERS, QUELEAS, BISHOPS
971 Red-billed Buffalo Weaver Bubalornis niger 1195 1285
972 White-headed Buffalo Weaver Dinemellia dinemelli 1196 1286
973 Speckle-fronted Weaver Sporopipes frontalis 1210 1311
974 White-browed Sparrow Weaver Plocepasser mahali 1199 1287
975 Rufous-tailed Weaver Histurgops ruficauda E 1197 1290
976 Grey-headed Social Weaver Pseudonigrita arnaudi 1201 1291
977 Black-capped Social Weaver Pseudonigrita cabanisi 1202 1292
978 Baglafecht Weaver Ploceus baglafecht 1159 1349
979 Bertram's Weaver Ploceus bertrandi 1160 1352
980 Slender-billed Weaver Ploceus pelzelni 1179 1343
981 Little Weaver Ploceus luteolus 1172 1324
982 Black-necked Weaver Ploceus nigricollis 1176 1336
983 Spectacled Weaver Ploceus ocularis 1177 1337
984 Black-billed Weaver Ploceus melanogaster 1174 1346
985 Golden Weaver Ploceus subaureus 1183 1341
986 Holub's Golden Weaver Ploceus xanthops 1189 1342
987 Orange Weaver Ploceus aurantius 1158 1334
988 Golden Palm Weaver Ploceus bojeri 1162 1331
989 Taveta Golden Weaver Ploceus castaneiceps 1163 1333
990 Southern Brown-throated Weaver Ploceus xanthopterus 1190 1332
991 Northern Brown-throated Weaver Ploceus castanops 1164 1330
992 A Kilombero Weaver Ploceus burnieri E none none new species Baker and Baker 1991.
993 Masked Weaver Ploceus intermedius 1170 1319
994 n Vitelline Masked Weaver Ploceus vitellinus 1187 1321 split from velatus SM 1990.
995 s Tanganyika Masked Weaver Ploceus reichardi 1187 1317 from velatus Louette and Benson 1982.
996 Speke's Weaver Ploceus spekei 1181 1314
997 Vieillot's Black Weaver Ploceus nigerrimus 1175 1344
998 n Village Weaver Ploceus cucullatus 1165 1313 was Black-headed SM 1990.
999 Weyns' Weaver Ploceus weynsi 1188 1345
1000 Yellow-backed Weaver Ploceus melanocephalus 1173 1325
1001 Golden-backed Weaver Ploceus jacksoni 1171 1326 ZTP add Jackson’s to name.
1002 Chestnut Weaver Ploceus rubiginosus 1180 1327
1003 Dark-backed Weaver Ploceus bicolor 1161 1335
1004 Brown-capped Weaver Ploceus insignis 1169 1351
1005 n Olive-headed Weaver Ploceus olivaceiceps 1178 1338 SM delete Golden from name.
1006 s Usambara Weaver Ploceus nicolli E 1178 1340 split from olivaceiceps Franzmann 1983.
1007 n Compact Weaver Pachyphantes superciliosus 1184 1350 Genus was Ploceus SM 1990.
1008 Red-headed Malimbe Malimbus rubricollis 1155 1356
1009 Red-headed Weaver Anaplectes rubriceps 1135 1359
1010 Cardinal Quelea Quelea cardinalis 1191 1362
1011 Red-headed Quelea Quelea erythrops 1192 1361
1012 Red-billed Quelea Quelea quelea 1193 1360
1013 Yellow-crowned Bishop Euplectes afer 1137 1369
1014 Fire-fronted Bishop Euplectes diadematus 1142 1368
1015 Black Bishop Euplectes gierowii 1144 1366
1016 Black-winged Red Bishop Euplectes hordeaceus 1146 1365
1017 Zanzibar Red Bishop Euplectes nigroventris 1149 1364
1018 Southern Red Bishop Euplectes orix 1150 1363
1019 Yellow Bishop Euplectes capensis 1141 1365
1020 Fan-tailed Widowbird Euplectes axillaris 1140 1370
1021 Yellow-mantled Widowbird Euplectes macrourus 1148 1372
1022 White-winged Widowbird Euplectes albonotatus 1138 1373
1023 n Red-collared Widowbird Euplectes ardens 1139 1375 was Red-naped SM 1990.
1024 Marsh Widowbird Euplectes hartlaubi 1145 1374
1025 s Mountain Marsh Widowbird Euplectes psammocromius 1145 1374 split from hartlaubi. DDL. and SM.
1026 Jackson's Widowbird Euplectes jacksoni 1147 1378
1027 Parasitic Weaver Anomalospiza imberbis 1136 1405
1028 Grosbeak Weaver Amblyospiza albifrons 1134 1358

ESTRILDIDAE - WAXBILLS, CORDON-BLEUS, MANNIKINS etc
1029 A Red-fronted Antpecker Parmoptila woodhousei 1252 W1283 Minziro Forest July '87 Baker & Baker.
1030 Grey-headed Negrofinch Nigrita canicapilla 1246 1386
1031 A White-breasted Negrofinch Nigrita fusconota 1247 1388 Minziro Forest July '87 Baker & Baker.
1032 A White-collared Oliveback Nesocharis ansorgei 1243 1429 Baker and Hirslund 1987.
1033 Green-winged Pytilia Pytilia melba 1256 1410 DDL use Melba Finch, the cage bird name.
1034 Orange-winged Pytilia Pytilia afra 1255 1409
1035 Red-faced Crimsonwing Cryptospiza reichenovi 1223 1398
1036 Abyssinian Crimsonwing Cryptospiza salvadorii 1224 1399
1037 Black-bellied Seedcracker Pyrenestes ostrinus 1254 1393
1038 Lesser Seedcracker Pyrenestes minor 1253 1396
1039 Red-headed Bluebill Spermophaga ruficapilla 1259 1391
1040 Peters' Twinspot Hypargos niveoguttatus 1235 1406
1041 Green-backed Twinspot Mandingoa nitidula 1242 1407
1042 A Brown Firefinch Lagonosticta nitidula none S1085 Moyer 1984 and split from rufopicta.
1043 Red-billed Firefinch Lagonosticta senegala 1241 1413
1044 African Firefinch Lagonosticta rubricata 1239 1411
1045 Jameson's Firefinch Lagonosticta rhodopareia 1238 1412
1046 n Black-tailed Waxbill Estrilda perreini 1232 1423 was Lavender, DDL use Black-tailed Grey.
1047 n Yellow-bellied Waxbill Estrilda quartinia 1229 1417 split from melanotis SM 1990.
1048 Fawn-breasted Waxbill Estrilda paludicola 1231 1422
1049 Crimson-rumped Waxbill Estrilda rhodopyga 1233 1420
1050 A Black-rumped Waxbill Estrilda troglodytes 1234 1419 Minziro, Chris Bosch.
1051 n Common Waxbill Estrilda astrild 1226 1418 Common added SM 1990.
1052 Black-crowned Waxbill Estrilda nonnula 1230 1425
1053 n Black-cheeked Waxbill Estrilda erythronotos 1228 1427 "os" not "us".
1054 n Southern Cordonbleu Uraeginthus angolensis 1260 1430 DDL use Blue Waxbill.
1055 Red-cheeked Cordonbleu Uraeginthus bengalus 1261 1431
1056 Blue-capped Cordonbleu Uraeginthus cyanocephalus 1262 1432
1057 Purple Grenadier Uraeginthus ianthinogaster 1263 1433
1058 Zebra Waxbill Amandava subflava 1219 1421
1059 Locust Finch Ortygospiza locustella 1251 1404
1060 Quailfinch Ortygospiza atricollis 1249 1403
1061 Black-chinned Quailfinch Ortygospiza gabonensis 1250 1403 SM use Red-billed but both are !!
1062 n Common Silverbill Lonchura malabarica 1269 1383 DDL use Warbling Silverbill, the West Africa name.
1063 Grey-headed Silverbill Lonchura griseicapilla 1268 1384
1064 Bronze Mannikin Lonchura cucullata 1266 1379
1065 Black and White Mannikin Lonchura bicolor 1265 1380
1066 s Rufous-backed Mannikin Lonchura nigriceps 1265 1381 split from bicolor SM 1990.
1067 Magpie Mannikin Lonchura fringilloides 1267 1382
1068 Java Sparrow Lonchura oryzivora 1270 1385
1069 Cut-throat Amadina fasciata 1264 1402

VIDUIDAE - INDIGOBIRDS AND WHYDAHS
1070 n Village Indigobird Vidua chalybeata 1211 1436 Payne et al 1993.
1071 n Dusky Indigobird Vidua funerea 1212 1437 Payne et al 1993.
1072 s Twinspot Indigobird Vidua codringtoni 1212 1434 split from funerea Payne et al 1993.
1073 n Purple Indigobird Vidua purpurascens 1213 1438 Payne et al 1993.
1074 Pin-tailed Whydah Vidua macroura 1216 1441
1075 Steel-blue Whydah Vidua hypocherina 1215 1442
1076 Straw-tailed Whydah Vidua fischeri 1214 1443
1077 n Eastern Paradise Whydah Vidua paradisaea 1218 1444 Eastern added Payne et al. 1993.
1078 n Broad-tailed Whydah Vidua obtusa 1217 1445 we drop ‘Paradise’.

FRINGILLIDAE - CANARYS and SEED-EATERS
1079 Yellow-crowned Canary Serinus canicollis 1282 1454
1080 s Western Citril Serinus frontalis 1283 1464 from citrinelloides Prigogine '85.
1081 s East African Citril Serinus hypostictus 1283 1464 from citrinelloides Prigogine '85.
1082 A Papyrus Canary Serinus koliensis 1287 1451 Baker and Baker 1994.
1083 n Black-throated Canary Serinus atrogularis 1280 1459 this is the Southern African name.
1084 s Yellow-rumped Seedeater Serinus reichenowi 1280 1459 from atrogularis, Irwin 1964
1085 Yellow-fronted Canary Serinus mozambicus 1290 1448
1086 White-bellied Canary Serinus dorsostriatus 1285 1449
1087 n Kenya Grosbeak Canary Serinus buchanani 1284 1453 split from donaldsoni SM 1990 and ZTP.
1088 Brimstone Canary Serinus sulphuratus 1293 1450
1089 Black-eared Seedeater Serinus mennelli 1289 1457
1090 Stripe-breasted Seedeater Serinus reichardi 1291 1456
1091 Streaky Seedeater Serinus striolatus 1292 1461
1092 s Yellow-browed Seedeater Serinus whytii 1292 1461 split from striolatus SM 1990.
1093 Thick-billed Seedeater Serinus burtoni 1281 1462
1094 s Kipengere Seedeater Serinus melanochrous E 1281 1462 split from burtoni SM 1990.
1095 Oriole Finch Linurgus olivaceus 1279 1463

EMBERIZIDAE - BUNTINGS
1096 n Cinnamon Rock Bunting Emberiza tahapisi 1278 1476 we drop 'breasted' to shorten name.
1097 Southern Rock Bunting Emberiza capensis 1272 1475 no original reference, it may have to be deleted.
1098 Somali Bunting Emberiza poliopleura 1276 1470 we drop ‘Golden-breasted’ to shorten name.
1099 Golden-breasted Bunting Emberiza flaviventris 1273 1469
1100 Cabanis' Bunting Emberiza cabanisi 1271 1468

Eight species listed by Britton (1980) for Tanzania have subsequently been deleted from the avifauna.

Gadwall Anas strepera Records from Ngorongoro now considered unreliable D.A. Turner pers.comm.
Fox Kestrel Falco alopex A sight record from the Serengeti remains unsubstantiated ZTP page 363.
Kenya Crested Guineafowl Guttera edouardi Now lumped with G. pucherani but doubts remain Crowe 1978.
Feral Pigeon Columba livia There are no known natural populations in Tanzania Goodwin 1970.
Grey-headed Lovebird Agapornis cana Known only as an unsuccesful introduction Baker 1990.
Rose-ringed Parrakeet Psittacula krameri Known only as an unsuccesful introduction Baker 1990.
Kilimanjaro Honeyguide Indicator narokensis Now considered a synonym of Indicator meliphilus Short and Horne 1985b.
Red-tailed Greenbul Criniger calurus Previously admitted on an identification error Baker 1990.

Reef Heron Egretta gularis is listed for Tanzania by DDL but we are not aware of any published record although it may well occur as a straggler near the Kenya border. Short et al. (1990) list Uganda Woodland Warbler Phylloscopus budongoensis and Cassin’s Grey Flycatcher Muscicapa cassini but both records are based on identification errors that were not corrected until after publication.

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